Worst Air Accident In History | Lake Erie Skydiving Disaster

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Tatiana: 15 men and one woman
were the ultimate victims in a

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series of collective rule-breaking

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safety regulations exist for a reason.

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And today I want to dive into a
story that shows the importance

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of following those very rules.

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For skydivers involved, their decision to
ignore a crucial rule would lead to the

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deadliest skydiving disaster of that time.

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be cause, you know what they say?

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Safety regulations are written in blood.

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I'm Tatiana and this is occurrence.

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It's August 27th, 1967, and a group
of around 30 skydivers have gathered

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at ortner airport in Wakeman, Ohio.

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They were all excited to jump
together from a privately

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owned, modified war plane.

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It was a cloudy and chilly
morning and everyone was wearing

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extra layers to keep warm.

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The plan was for all the
skydivers to jump together.

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And take advantage of this unique jump.

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But there was one thing to note.

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This event was not sponsored
by any skydiving organizations.

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It was a group of enthusiasts
who came together to enjoy

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their passion for skydiving.

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The day started with a delay
due to the cloudy conditions.

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They checked the conditions in
the morning, but didn't do a

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second check before takeoff.

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As they loaded onto the plane
and prepare for takeoff.

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They realized that there were too many
people and the plane was overloaded.

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They had to come up with a
solution to decide who would get

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to make history on this jump.

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It was decided that the
most experienced divers.

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Would be chosen.

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This meant that the less experienced
divers had to forfeit this opportunity.

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It was a tough decision, but one that
they believed would prioritize safety.

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And, unknowing at the time.

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Was a decision that spared their lives.

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Out of the group, the 20 most experienced
skydivers were selected to jump.

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Among them were 17 members of the
United States parachute association.

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Who had already completed at
least 75 jumps and some with

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over 200 jumps under their belt.

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Before the jump as with any
risky activity, everyone

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signed liability waivers.

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These waivers acknowledged the risk
involved and state that the business

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or people running, it will not be
held responsible for any mishaps.

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It's a standard practice to
ensure everyone understands

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the potential dangers.

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The plan was for 18 divers to jump
from 20,000 feet while the remaining

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two would jump from 30,000 feet.

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When the plane circled back.

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The parachutes would deploy at
3000 feet, ensuring everyone

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had enough time to land safely.

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Now here's where things took a turn.

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The jump didn't involve
just one plane, but two.

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The main plane was the
north American, B 20.

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Five Mitchell bomber.

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That's the plane the
jumps would happen from.

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This was flown by Robert
Carnes and Richard Wolf.

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It was accompanied by a cessna 180
sky wagon flying around 12,000 feet.

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To capture photographs of the jump.

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As the planes took off around 3:00 PM.

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The cloud cover prevented everyone from
having a clear view of their surroundings.

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In situations like this pilots
often rely on air traffic control

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for additional guidance and
information on their positioning.

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Both the bomber and the Cessna
contacted air traffic control

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to get location updates.

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The bomber pilot was the
first to make the call.

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Uh, requesting information
on his location.

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The controller placed him six
miles away from Ortner airfield.

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The Cessna pilot flying
at a lower elevation.

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Didn't have a visual of the bomber and
called air traffic control to confirm

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its positioning in relation to his own.

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However, the controller could
only see one plane on the radar.

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So he told the Cessna, he was probably
about six miles behind the bomber.

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What the controller didnt know was that
he had just mistaken the cessna's position

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on the radar for the bombers position.

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This led to the bomber pilot.

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Believing that he was now three
miles away from the drop zone.

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When in reality, he was
right on top of lake Erie.

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12 to 13 miles past the drop zone.

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It was after 4:00 PM and the Cessna
was still trying to locate the bomber

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as it was around the time the first 18
divers were supposed to be in the air.

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Unfortunately, he didn't find them.

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Meanwhile with the cloud cover, preventing
them from seeing what was below.

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The pilot gave the jump, master the signal
for the first 18 skydivers to jump at

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the pre-planned height of 20,000 feet.

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One by one, they jumped
from the planes for exits.

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They were doing freestyle maneuvers.

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So they were out one after the
other practically, simultaneously.

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When they finally broke through
almost 6,000 feet of clouds.

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Chaos ensued.

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They were met with a
horrifying sight below them.

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They had less than four minutes
to prepare for impact as they

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realized they were falling over
lake Erie and would land in water.

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In a desperate attempt to
reduce their weight and increase

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their chances of survival.

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Some of the skydivers immediately
began shedding clothing.

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Anything that would weigh
them down, had to go.

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They knew that landing in water
with all of that gear was dangerous.

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Meanwhile completely
unaware of the disaster.

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Unfolding beneath them.

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The bomber continued on his path.

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The request to ascend to 30,000 feet
for the remaining two divers to jump was

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initially denied by the control center.

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So the pilot had to
adjust his flight plan.

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And 20 minutes later, the
remaining skydivers were finally

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able to make their jump over the
correct area of the airfield.

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The bomber descended and safely landed.

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And once he and the Cessna pilot
were made aware of the situation.

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They got back in the air to try and
find the divers still in the water.

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OnLooker's witness parachutes opening
at different intervals, creating the

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illusion of a coordinated effort.

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Among those watching was an
off-duty coast guard, Lieutenant

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who immediately spring into action.

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He notified the coast guard
station and organized rescue

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efforts with civilian boaters.

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Despite the dangerous lake conditions,
the rescue operation began within minutes.

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Unfortunately, the four foot
waves, cold weather and strong

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winds, hampered rescue efforts.

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And out of the 18 skydivers
from the first jump.

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Only two were rescued.

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Two men on a pleasure boat.

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Were able to pull them from
the water just in time.

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They also pulled another diver from
the water, but tragically, they

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weren't able to resuscitate him.

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When the coast guard arrived, They
were pessimistic about finding

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any more survivors and eventually
shifted their focus to recovery.

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The remains of the final skydivers
were recovered on September 4th.

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The investigation by the national
transportation safety board

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or NTSB began immediately.

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It revealed several factors
that contributed to the accident

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by conducting three studies.

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The first determined that the divers
could not have drifted more than two

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miles, which effectively placed the
bomber three to four miles off shore.

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And 11 miles from Ortner.

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The second study, reconstructed the
flight path and reach practically the

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same conclusion for the plane's location.

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The third study, considered
the locations of both planes in

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relation to the locations they
were given by air traffic control.

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It concluded that the controller
mistook the Cessna for the bomber.

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In the end, the bomber pilot was
faulted for allowing a jump when

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he couldn't see the ground and
for not being rated to fly a B 25.

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the air traffic controller was
blamed for providing incorrect

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positioning information.

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Which led to the confusion and
misjudgment of the bombers location.

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There were steps.

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The controller was supposed to
take to verify where the planes

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are and how to properly locate ones
that don't appear on the radar.

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They neglected to follow those steps.

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Shockingly, the NTSB revealed
that the bomber was not certified

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or equipped to carry passengers.

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There was no seating beyond the cockpit
and it locked insulation and heating.

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It had technical limitations that
made it challenging for the pilot

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to navigate and communicate with
air traffic control simultaneously.

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The plane had navigation equipment,
but the pilot could not use it while

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listening to the control center.

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Which he neglected to tell
the air traffic controller.

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Now on a smaller scale and not as
big of a contributor to the disaster.

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Is that the oxygen equipment
available to the pilot required

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mask removal for communications.

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The degree of hypoxia experienced by
the pilot is unknown, but believed to

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be a non-factor in the accident overall.

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He didn't sound like he was experiencing
hypoxia on the plane recordings.

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And when he asked the copilot
how he seemed, he just told

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him his face was flushed.

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They turned up his oxygen and
he appeared to balance back out.

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The NTSB determined hypoxia wasn't
even a concern until after the first

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drop, but before the second one,
The investigation concluded that the

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accident was primarily caused by.

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The failure to follow safety rules, lack
of proper communication and the disregard

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for the weather and visibility conditions.

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It also stated that the skydivers were
not without fault for jumping under those

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conditions, considering their experience.

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The rule they decided to disregard
was the rule that skydivers

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are prohibited from jumping.

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If they don't have a
clear view of the target.

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Specifically skydivers are banned from
jumping certain distances around clouds.

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Above below and horizontally from them.

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It's simple.

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If you can't see where you'll
land, then it's not safe to jump.

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Pilots are even supposed to stop the jump.

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If they can't get enough clearance.

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And that's a rule with the United
States parachute association and

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the federal aviation administration.

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And the aftermath of the accident,
some of the survivors and the

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estates of the deceased divers.

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Took legal action against
the United States for the air

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traffic controllers error.

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And a civil suit.

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The court held the United States liable
due to the controllers negligence.

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And in a following appeals case.

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The skydivers were found.

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Not to be at fault because the
rule that they broke was not made

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for the safety of skydivers, but
for those they might hit instead.

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So even though the NTSB considered
them to be at fault civilly,

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they weren't because there was no
added negligence on their part.

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I do want to know something though.

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And the report, the survivors told
investigators that due to the construction

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of the plane, They couldn't see below
them until they were out of the plane.

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They literally couldn't see the clouds
or surface directly below the aircraft

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during the climb out and initial jump.

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They saw glimpses straight out
through cloud brakes, but could not

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clearly see if it was land or water.

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And remember they were
all jumping back to back.

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Everyone was out in 20 seconds, max.

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They were fully trusting the pilot
to be in the correct location

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with a clear view of the ground.

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I suppose it emphasizes the significance
of ensuring your own safety.

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This tragic accident serves
as a reminder that safety

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regulations exist for a reason.

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They're designed to protect
everyone involved and to prevent

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such devastating incidents.

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It's a lesson that should be heated by
all who engage in high risk activities.

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Now you might be wondering
what happened afterwards.

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Well, and the two years following
the accident, skydivers conducted

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Memorial jumps as a way to remember
those who lost their lives.

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They would throw a reef out of a
plane and then intentionally jump

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into lake Erie, wearing light clothing
and flotation devices to be safe.

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And more recently in 2020.

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One survivor who had gotten off the
plane before it took off, expressed

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his intention to celebrate his 90th
birthday by doing the same jump in 2024.

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Which I think is a Testament to the
resilience and love for skydiving that

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exists with people who participate in it.

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The bomber pilot had his license
suspended indefinitely, but allegedly

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it only lasted a year and he would
still fly during the suspension.

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As long as there was a
co-pilot in the plane with him.

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The air traffic controller stuck
to his story, that the bomber

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was inland until the very end.

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It's not clear if they had
any other consequences due to

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their part in what happened.

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And as for the plane.

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Well, it's ending solidified
my opinion that no one should

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have ever been flying it at all.

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In August of 1970, just a few
weeks before the third anniversary

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of the lake Erie disaster.

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The bomber took off from Turner
falls and headed about a dozen miles

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east to orange municipal airport.

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The pilot was allegedly practicing
additional takeoffs and landings on

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the somewhat longer runway there.

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The plane had been sold and the
pilot had to take it to its buyer.

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The NTSB report described the
purpose of the flight as practice.

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Apparently the FAA office nearby
said the practice landings were

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necessary because the pilot had
not flown the aircraft for 90 days.

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And according to regulations had
to reactivate his status before

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taking passengers on the plane.

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So according to the report,
the plane was on its second.

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Go around with the gear and flaps down.

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The pilot added power
and the plane stalled.

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It rolled to the left and
hit the ground inverted.

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The NTSB faulted the accident as
the pilot, attempting to fly a plane

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beyond his experience level and his
failure to maintain flying speed.

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This same pilot logged over
500 hours flying in the air

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force before he was discharged.

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And logged around 30 hours
flying in smaller planes after.

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It was noted that he had it
flown that type of aircraft

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for about 11 years though.

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I witnesses on the ground, including the
ground crew at the crash site reported.

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Seeing the plane upside down
overhead before it hit the ground.

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It was pretty much nose first.

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Just past where they were standing.

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The pilot.

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Roger Lopez was the only person in
the plane and he died in the crash.

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Now it's clear that accountability lies
with multiple parties involved, but it's

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important to remember that accidents
like these should serve as a lesson for

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better safety practices in the future.

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So, what do you think about one of the
deadliest skydiving accidents in history?

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Who do you believe bears
the most responsibility?

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Leave a comment with your
thoughts and stay safe.

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This podcast is available wherever
you prefer to stream podcast.

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And a video version you
can watch on YouTube.

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All sources and additional
information or in the description.

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See you next time.